OK. > From: Noelle <noelle> > Date: Sat, 5 Sep 2015 08:09:57 -0700 (PDT) > > we saw the movie White Rose > > On Sat, 5 Sep 2015, Robert wrote: > > > To: noelle > > > > Why did you send this to me, again? > > > > > From: "Don" <http://www.cox.net/~d8> > > > Date: Mon, 31 Aug 2015 08:56:57 -0700 > > > > > > > From: "Robert Reid" <http://www.cox.net/~reidz2> > > > > Date: Mon, 31 Aug 2015 08:31:53 -0700 > > > > > > > > George (Jürgen) Wittenstein: 1919-2015 > > > > A Member of WWIIâ??s White Rose > > > > Santa Barbara Independent - Thursday, July 9, 2015 > > > > By CHRISTEL J. BEJENKE, with ELISABETH WEBER and JEAN YAMAMURA > > > > The Fascist grip on Germany was complete after 1934. Leaders of other > > > > political > > > > parties > > > > were jailed or killed; state governments were replaced. It was > > > > dangerous to > > > > befriend > > > > Jews or to associate with those who spoke against the Nazis. George (Jà > > > > ¼rgen) > > > > Wittenstein, studying philosophy, psychology, and medicine at the > > > > University of > > > > Munich > > > > during those dark years, did both. At personal risk and with great > > > > loyalty to > > > > his friends, > > > > he took part in the White Rose resistance, the only German resistance > > > > group to > > > > publicly > > > > condemn the extermination of European Jews. An active participant in > > > > two > > > > resistance > > > > groups against the Nazi regime, he is one of the few White Rose > > > > members to > > > > survive and > > > > in 1947 published the first report on them: â??The Munich Student > > > > Movement.â?? > > > > > > > > ^L2 > > > > A longtime Santa Barbara resident, Dr. Wittenstein died on June 14 at > > > > age 96. > > > > His > > > > mother, Elisabeth Vollmoeller, was a successful businesswoman; his > > > > father, > > > > Oskar > > > > Wittenstein, a doctor of chemistry, concert pianist, and aviation > > > > pioneer, died > > > > six > > > > months before Georgeâ??s birth while testing a giant war- plane. A > > > > philosophy > > > > of personal > > > > responsibility and justice was instilled during Wittensteinâ??s > > > > boyhood by the > > > > Vollmoeller > > > > family and Schule Schloss Salem, which remains one of the finest > > > > schools in > > > > Europe. > > > > Salemâ??s revered headmaster, Kurt Hahn, spoke openly against Hitler > > > > and fled > > > > to > > > > England in 1933, after having been arrested upon Hitlerâ??s take-over. > > > > Instead of the ubiquitous swastika, 13-year-old Jürgenâ??s bicycle > > > > flew the > > > > flag of the > > > > Paneuropean Union, a peaceful unification group banned by Hitler. High > > > > school > > > > graduation (Abitur) was immediately followed by compulsory labor and > > > > military > > > > service > > > > and then by military medic training in Munich, where he befriended > > > > Alexander > > > > Schmorell, and they shared their hatred of the Nazi regime. His mentor, > > > > the art > > > > historian Dr. Kurt Badt, was brutalized in 1938â??s Kristallnacht > > > > attacks on > > > > Jewish > > > > citizens, and the next day Wittenstein was ordered by the Gestapo, as > > > > an â?? > > > > Arianâ?? and > > > > German soldier, to stop associating with Jews. More ominously, the > > > > Gestapo > > > > accused > > > > him of homosexuality, a feared Nazi ploy to eliminate enemies of the > > > > regime. > > > > > > > > © George (Jürgen) Wittenstein > > > > > > > > Wearing his Wehrmacht uniform decorated with a silver sharpshooter > > > > braid â?? heâ > > > > ??d > > > > won marksmanship awards since age 16 â?? George Wittenstein was > > > > photographed > > > > with > > > > his mother at home in Beilstein in 1938. > > > > > > > > He began his studies at Munich University in summer 1939, where he met > > > > Hellmut > > > > Hartert and Hans Scholl. â??We had a few magical and exhilarating > > > > months,â?? he > > > > said, â??free > > > > from uniforms, from years of regimentation; free to study, travel, > > > > attend > > > > concerts, > > > > nature; to choose our lodging â?? wear civilian clothes!â?? > > > > Warned of his growing Gestapo file, the family made plans for him to > > > > leave > > > > Germany. In > > > > August 1939, after gaining the nearly unobtainable documents, the > > > > 20-year-old > > > > boarded > > > > the Hansa for New York, bringing along a car for his uncle, the writer > > > > and poet > > > > Carl > > > > Vollmoeller, who lived in self-imposed exile in the United States > > > > after having > > > > rebuffed > > > > > > > > ^L3 > > > > Hitlerâ??s appointment as Minister of Culture. A U-turn in the shipâ? > > > > ?s wake > > > > meant they > > > > were returning to Germany, and he made a plan to cross the nearest > > > > border as > > > > quickly as > > > > possible. Instead, he drove two stranded and endangered Jewish teens > > > > home to > > > > Berlin > > > > and gave up his last chance to escape Germany. After an intense search > > > > by > > > > Wittensteinâ??s > > > > wife, the three reunited 70 years later, and Esther and Nat Berkowitz > > > > described > > > > the > > > > terrifying journey, full of flag- downs by police and searches of > > > > every car but > > > > theirs. They > > > > always wondered what kind of high Nazi official or diplomat this > > > > elegant and > > > > selfassured young man could be who was waved through checkpoints. It > > > > turned out > > > > their > > > > car carried an export license plate and therefore could not be > > > > searched. > > > > Back at Munich University, he was redrafted into a medical student > > > > company. > > > > Constant > > > > spying, mail interception, and telephone taps made it dangerous to > > > > express > > > > opinions and > > > > communicate; it wasnâ??t until after the war that Wittenstein learned > > > > that his > > > > company > > > > commander would mislead the Gestapo when they demanded information > > > > about him > > > > until the very last days of the war. When his PhD advisor in > > > > philosophy, Prof. > > > > FritzJoachim von Rintelen, was dismissed, Wittenstein and a friend > > > > organized a > > > > protest, an > > > > unheard-of act in 1941. The first â??Leaflet of the White Roseâ?? > > > > appeared in > > > > spring 1942, > > > > denouncing Nazi crimes and appealing to the conscience of the German > > > > citizens > > > > to defy > > > > Hitlerâ??s dictatorship. A call for active resistance followed the > > > > friendsâ?? > > > > experiences at the > > > > Russian front in 1942. Wittenstein took more than 100 photos of this > > > > trip alone, > > > > > > > > including of the Warsaw Ghetto and the iconic photos that are in > > > > nearly all > > > > White Rose > > > > publications, exhibits, movies, newspaper and magazine articles of the > > > > past 65 > > > > years on > > > > the subject. > > > > > > > > © George (Jürgen) Wittenstein > > > > > > > > The iconic White Rose photo picturing Hans and Sophie Scholl with > > > > Christoph > > > > Probst > > > > > > > > The tragic demise of the White Rose is well-known. Triggered by the > > > > arrests of > > > > Hans > > > > Scholl and his sister Sophie as they distributed the sixth leaflet > > > > early in > > > > 1943, the Scholls > > > > and Christoph Probst were executed, only hours after their trial. > > > > Alerted to > > > > the trial by a > > > > friend, Wittenstein was able to bring the Schollsâ?? parents to the > > > > Palace of > > > > Justice â?? at > > > > > > > > ^L4 > > > > great risk to himself â?? who were thus able to see their children > > > > alive one > > > > last time. > > > > Professor Kurt Huber and Alexander Schmorell were executed several > > > > months > > > > later. > > > > Walking past a waiting Gestapo agent to deliver the message, > > > > Wittenstein had > > > > tried to > > > > send rescue information to Schmorell via his father, and he smuggled > > > > clandestinely > > > > collected money to Huberâ??s destitute family until after the war. He > > > > was > > > > interrogated by > > > > the Gestapo in November and by the military court in March 1944, but > > > > he > > > > disproved > > > > their accusations. When later asked why he risked his life repeatedly, > > > > Wittenstein, > > > > always surprised at the question, would answer â??Someone had to do > > > > it.â?? > > > > To be safer from the Gestapo, he volunteered for the front and was > > > > posted to > > > > Italy. > > > > During the American offensive he operated the wounded in a railroad > > > > tunnel, as > > > > the only > > > > physician, often for 48 hours without respite. There, he collected > > > > weapons from > > > > wounded soldiers for Freedom Action Bavaria, a resistance group that > > > > saved > > > > Munich > > > > from Hitlerâ??s order for its destruction as the war ended. He was > > > > wounded > > > > during an > > > > attack by US strafe planes, despite a large Red Cross flag draped > > > > across his > > > > back. He > > > > never completed his PhD in philosophy because Professor Huber, his > > > > advisor > > > > after > > > > Professor von Rintelenâ??s dismissal, was executed. > > > > It was always with tears in his eyes that he recalled getting his > > > > U.S.visa. > > > > McCarthyism > > > > had made emigrating difficult, as all resistance members were assumed > > > > to be > > > > communists; but he could no longer live in a country of such horrors. > > > > The day > > > > he > > > > received temporary papers for England, where he would wait for his US > > > > Visa, he > > > > married > > > > his sweetheart Elisabeth Sophie Hartert, to improve her chance of > > > > eventually > > > > receiving a > > > > US Visa. It was, however, two long years until they reunited in the > > > > U.S. > > > > Immediately > > > > after the war, he had met with students from all parts of Germany, to > > > > make > > > > plans for a > > > > New Germany, and he wrote a draft for a New German Constitution. In > > > > England, he > > > > spoke at universities about his disillusioned generation of Germans > > > > and about > > > > their duty > > > > to contribute to the reconstruction of Europe. > > > > Wittenstein continued his surgical training at Harvardâ??s Peter Bent > > > > Brigham > > > > Hospital > > > > and the universities of Rochester and Colorado. During their > > > > residencies, the > > > > couple saw > > > > little of each other for another year, due to the locations of their > > > > training > > > > programs. They > > > > were so poor they built their own furniture, a skill George had > > > > learned at > > > > Salem. Once > > > > Elisabeth completed her medical specialization, she became chief of > > > > anesthesiology at > > > > Denver General Hospital in 1950. George taught at the University of > > > > Coloradoâ?? > > > > s medical > > > > school, simultaneously enrolling as a medical student to obtain his > > > > U.S. > > > > medical degree. > > > > He joined the UCLA medical faculty in 1964, serving as professor and > > > > chair of > > > > the > > > > Department of Surgery at UCLA/LAC Olive View Medical Center from > > > > 1976-1991, > > > > when > > > > he retired to private practice in Santa Barbara. His work as a general, > > > > > > > > cardiovascular, > > > > and thoracic surgeon included returning to Europe to teach and perform > > > > the > > > > latest > > > > complex heart operations in 1956, and, at the invitation of the > > > > Chinese > > > > government after > > > > Nixonâ??s visit, he taught in China in 1973 with a group of American > > > > cardiac > > > > surgeons, > > > > cardiologists, and an anesthesiologist (Dr.Bejenke). > > > > George and Elisabeth had four children, all born in Denver between > > > > 1952 and > > > > 1955. The > > > > family moved to Santa Barbara in 1960, where Wittenstein practiced his > > > > specialties for > > > > > > > > ^L5 > > > > 35 years. He loved camping and hiking with the family in the > > > > backcountry and > > > > the > > > > Sierras. After Elisabethâ??s death in 1966, he married Christel J. > > > > Bejenke, MD, > > > > an > > > > anesthesiologist who helped raise his four young children. He and > > > > Bejenke, who > > > > had > > > > extensive experience with cardiac anesthesia, were instrumental in > > > > preparing > > > > Cottage > > > > Hospital to perform cardiac surgery and trained its first â??pump-teamâ > > > > ?? in > > > > extra-corporeal > > > > circulation. He served in various capacities at four Santa Barbara > > > > hospitals > > > > and UCSB Affiliates. Also a writer and a poet, he was pleased to serve > > > > on the > > > > boards of > > > > the Santa Barbara Museum of Art and Friends of the UCSB Library. > > > > His wartime experiences were always painful to recall, and he was > > > > haunted by > > > > flashbacks and nightmares until the end of his life. For 40 or more > > > > years, he > > > > did not > > > > speak about his experiences. Only when some White Rose relatives were > > > > concerned > > > > that > > > > the story was not being told in full, he felt he had to contribute > > > > what he knew > > > > and give > > > > equal voice and respect to all who had done so much and given their > > > > lives. He > > > > inspired > > > > countless students, in classroom visits to schools and colleges, > > > > through > > > > lectures about > > > > the White Rose and the resistance. > > > > > > > > © George (Jürgen) Wittenstein > > > > > > > > After the executions of Probst and the Scholls, arrests were rampant > > > > and were > > > > followed > > > > by additional executions. Wittenstein, expecting to be arrested any > > > > day and > > > > probably also > > > > executed, had this photo taken for his mother, who knew nothing of his > > > > resistance activities. > > > > > > > > In recognition of his involvement in the resistance, for contributions > > > > to > > > > German cardiac > > > > surgery, and for promoting scientific exchange between the United > > > > States and > > > > Germany, > > > > Wittenstein was awarded the Commanderâ??s Cross of the Federal > > > > Republic of > > > > Germany > > > > (Grosser Verdienstorden der Bundesrepublik Deutschland) and the > > > > Bavarian > > > > Service > > > > Medal (Bayerischer Verdienstorden), Bavariaâ??s highest honor. > > > > He is survived by his wife, Christel J. Bejenke; his children Eva > > > > Munday, > > > > Nemone > > > > Wittenstein- Helmling, Andreas Wittenstein, and Catharina > > > > Wittenstein-Garrow; > > > > nine > > > > grandchildren; and five great- grandchildren. In lieu of flowers, a > > > > contribution to > > > > Planned Parenthood, Domestic Violence Solutions, Sarah House, or a > > > > homeless > > > > shelter > > > > would be appreciated. > > > > > > > > ^L6 > > > > > > > > To honor George Wittensteinâ??s life, a memorial will take place at > > > > Santa > > > > Barbaraâ??s > > > > Museum of Natural History on October 11, 3-5 p.m. > > > > - Santa Barbara Independent July 9, 2015 (Edited by C. Bejenke) > > > > > > > > Additional)Information: > > > > - â??The Munich Student Movementâ??: Die Münchener Studentenbewegung ( > > > > Institut > > > > für > > > > Zeitgeschichte) > > > > - White Rose photos: http://misc.akg-°©â;?? > > > > images.de/newsl13M2/WeisseRose/index.htm > > > > - Oregon State University Holocaust Memorial Lecture by J. Wittenstein: > > > > Life > > > > under a > > > > dictatorship: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4TFRRNsIglA > > > > - Memories of the White Rose, 4 parts (1996): > > > > http://www.historyplace.com/pointsofview/white-rose1.htm